Today, tourism is one of the most important assets of any country. Water-centric tourism is one of the most important types of tourism that has been welcomed due to its water attractions and water recreation. Three permanent rivers, Karkheh, Dez and Shavar, flow in the city of Shush in the north of Khuzestan province. It has been suggested that the city has a good opportunity for river tourism. But the presence of tourists in the natural environment also destroys it. The present study was conducted with the aim of locating river tourism sites in Shush city and by survey method. Data collection and location criteria were performed through library and field studies. Therefore, a number of questionnaires were distributed among the employees of different departments of Shush. The sites were selected through field research. Of the 19 sites introduced, only four had the capabilities. Weighing the criteria using the Shannon entropy method and the Topsis model were used to analyze the data. Finally, among the four mentioned sites, Najian territory in the western coast of Karkheh river has the best potential to build the river base center of river tourism in shush.

In archaeological finds, seals are generally considered as one of the most important data bearing important economic, political and even artistic information of relevant time periods. Moreover, the iconography of seals plays an informative role to explore the main characteristics of seals or sealing in order to better understand the social, economic or even the administrative contexts of the societies to which they belonged to. Different styles in the different space and times are known in terms of pictography that can help researchers understand the characteristics of a time period better in the absence of sufficient information. The ancient city of Susa with a rich collection of seals related to different historical-cultural periods is one of the most important ancient sites in Iran which have been used as clues to decipher or interpret that can guide researchers in the stylistics and iconology of seals from its neighboring areas. The cylindrical seal No. 1841 has been registered in the catalogue of the National Museum of Iran with an “unknown” location. The similarity of the image engraved on this seal to those found on seals obtained from Susa was the reason the author came up with this article in order to introducethe seal and specify iconography and stylistics and finally its date and origin with a comparative study. The present study tries to answer the research questions: “What style and time period can be considered for the iconography of the cylindrical seal in the National Museum?” and “Is it possible to prove that it belongs to the city of Susa according to the iconography of the image of the relevant seal?” Studies that have been conducted with the comparative method and with the approach of the image analysis, the IVA style of Susa is considered for it leading to the conclusion that this seal probably belonged to Susa itself.

In 1994, it was reported that a group of smugglers had been arrested while excavating the hills of Hossein Abad, south of Susa, about 800m south of an area called Siahchal (Donjon). That excavation led to the revelation of half of a stone coffin or a sarcophagus and eventually led to the discovery of two more sarcophagi, which were located 2.5m from each other. The first sarcophagus was constructed in the form of a tomb with bricks of lion stamp patterns. Both sarcophagi are made of sandstones. The mine of these stones does not appear to have existed in Susa. However, the older fabric of Susa had instances of a sand mass, with underground cellars created inside these stones. Hence, the stones from which the sarcophagi were built could probably relate to Susa. No objects or human skeletal representing burial remnants were recovered from inside of the sarcophagi; however, out of Sarcophagus No. 1, some pieces of earthenware and perfume containers (Alabaster) were found. The bricks used in Tomb No. 1 were bearing lion patterns, as the pieces of earthenware and marble perfume bottles, numerous examples of which were reported from there, demonstrate they could reasonably be attributed to the Achaemenid dynasty.

Iran is frequently exposure to dust emerging in terms of locating in dry and semi-dry areas of the world. Dust phenomenon is a form of atmospheric hazards which occurred with undesirable impacts and as an environmental shock threaten the livelihood security of the human. Dust storms usually have negative effects on the health, economy and environment as well as huge damages on different productive sectors especially agriculture. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the livelihood security of farmers under dust in Susa County. The study was conducted in two stages; the first stage involved mapping dust risks based on its severity and incidence. The required data of this stage was collected through a focus group discussion meeting with informant farmers who purposefully selected from Susa County. Findings of the first stage were used to conduct a survey at the second stage. The population of interest in this stage consisted of farmers living in Susa county (N: 5924) using cluster random sampling method and a sample of 254 farmers was selected based on Krejcie & Morgan Table. The instrument was a questionnaire. The risk mapping results showed that the most sever damages of dust were related to economic, social and environmental dimensions, respectively since the highest incidence of dust effects were associated to environmental, social and economic sectors. Similar and confirmatory results were observed through the survey part. In addition, farmers’ livelihood security was not favorable. Social security of each individual was higher than his economic and environmental security. Based on the results of cluster analysis, the farmers could classified into three groups (clusters) due to the incidence and severity of the dust and there was significant difference between each group in terms of environmental, social and economic dimensions of security.

Examining administrative artefacts from the Proto-Elamite period in Susa through a phenomenological lens allows historians and archaeologists to contextualize these documents not only as dormant material culture but also as dynamic instruments in negotiating economic control, political authority, and institutional identity. This article draws on newly reevaluated evidence of clay sealing strips housed in the National Museum of Iran, interpreted initially as “wall sealings” by Holly Pittman. It reconsiders their function in light of comparative frameworks developed by Adelheid Otto for Middle Bronze Age Syria. By situating these items within the broader conceptual field of “administrative writing”, here extended to include physical sealing devices as protoarchival media, this study examines the thematic frameworks, authorial stances, and intended audiences embedded in both the ancient administrative practices and the modern scholarly discourse. Rather than occupying a marginal position in archaeological literature, these sealing strips emerge as powerful heuristic tools for understanding the evolution of bureaucratic management in early Iranian state formations.

1-Introdoction The construction of earthquake-resistant engineering projects and the stability evaluation for existing buildings are a crucial issue in seismic areas. The response of constructions and their damages depend on source parameters and distance to rupture, amplitude, duration, the spectral content of vibration and local conditions of the site (soil conditions, topography, etc.; Jorjiashvili et al., 2016; Ashayeri et al., 2018). An earthquake not only destructs directly critical structures by generating the seismic waves, but also leads to geohazards such as liquefaction, settlement, sand boiling, and the turbidity of spring and well waters. In such seismically active regions, the seismic hazard analysis is inevitable. The process of assessing the design parameters of seismic ground motion is called seismic hazard analysis. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is one of the most practical approaches for quantify uncertainties about future earthquake parameters and combine them to produce an explicit description of the distribution of future shaking that may occur at a site (Backer, 2013). The method is based on the rate of a past earthquake determined from the earthquake catalog. Dezful and Shush cities are historical and second population areas in Khuzestan province. On the other hand, the presence of different faults in the region demonstrates the necessity for seismic study and risk assessment of this area. This research focuses on seismotectonic setting and seismic risk analysis of Dezful and Susa cities using the probabilistic method for 50 km radius...

The First mid of third millennium B.C. is one of the main archaeological periods in central Zagros that nevertheless lack and dispersion of archaeological documents (special in central Lorestan), depth change and culture evolutions happen in this period. In this study we have studied, compared, analyzed and identified the species of gathered finds during archeological surveys on Cemetery of Dowl Pahn. This place is a cemetery connected with nomadism settlements which is located in the near of Dareh-Shahr, one of towns in Ilam province. Study of gathered ceramic fragments during archeological surveys on Cemetery of Dowl Pahn indicates that in southern districts of western pish-i kouh, pottery tradition Susa IIIB-IIIC was dominated before formation of the monochrome painted pottery tradition of Godin III6/Susa IVA. Found documents of cemeteries like Dowl Pahn and Mirvali indicates the influence of Proto-Elamite culture in southern valleys of centeral Zagros. It seems that monochrome painted pottery tradition before spread in Susa IVA/Godin III6 period in different districts of central Zagros had been spread in some southern districts of this area.

The period of Darius I Achaemenid and his son Xerxes, owning to the construction of Persepolis, is one of the most important periods of cultural exchange in the ancient world. Achaemenid satrapies operated in a regular and coordinated network from the Nile to the Indus Valley and from Oxus to the Mediterranean. At the same time, this network became efficient through the construction of ancient roads, and the roads management system defined the function of this network in the direction of control and monitoring accompanied by the regular management system on each plain. It is very important to identify the route of the royal road in the Achaemenid period from Persepolis to Susa and Sardis in Asia Minor. The author has identified an ancient site in the archaeological survey in the southwest of Iran where there are signs of Carian stonemasons in a stone torus. The identification of newly discovered evidence for the first time from this site is important and effective in understanding the relations of Persepolis with the Anatolia region and the presence of Asia Minor masons in the construction of the royal road in ancient Persia.

In Achaemenid era, Ilam province, remarkably its capital Susa, had a great position. Susa not only has been mentioned as Parsian's center rather than Perspolis through ancient texts but also was one of the four greatest capitals of Parsian. In parallel with Perspolis, Some of significant buildings of this complex such as Apadana were constructed in Susa. In this essay, it has been endeavored to investigate the position and importance of Susain Comparison withPerspolis by employing Achaemenid Inscriptions (notably susa ones), Perspolis tablets in Elamite, texts of Old Testment, Greek historians' studies and rockreliefs of this period. For this purpose, this study deals with constructional activities and the position of Susain Comparison with Perspolis through Herbic texts and Greek historians' studies.

Most speech enhancement algorithms focus on obtaining an estimator relying on stochastic models. In this paper, a minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimator under a stochastic– deterministic model is proposed where a heavy-tail distribution called t-Location-Scale (tls) is used for modeling Discrete Fourier Transform coefficients of clean speech signals and exponential and sinusoidal models are employed as deterministic models. In the exponential model, the frequency and damping coefficient are estimated by using the Matrix Pencil method. Also, in previous studies, the number of exponential components in the deterministic model for stochastic-deterministic speech enhancement algorithm has been considered to be one. In this paper, the corresponding exponential model is developed to have an arbitrary number of exponential components. The speech enhancement experiments are performed in three modes, exponential-Gaussian (the first proposed method), exponential-tls (the second proposed method), and sinusoidal-Gaussian. Comparisons are made with the exponential-Gaussian method (with only one exponential component), as well as with the Weiner and tls stochastic estimators. The implementation results in the presence of six noise types from Noisex-92 dataset show that the two proposed methods improve the segSNR values and have quite similar PESQ values comparing with the stochastic based speech enhancement methods.